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Test 7 · Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is

Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds." Dad: "In your dreams, kid." Why is Dad right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Theo, your, Dad · What happens: run, dream, be · To what, where: 100 metres

This is test 7 of lesson 105 «Alarms, stopwatches and how long a second is» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Theo: "I could run 100 metres in 10 seconds."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Theo	Theo	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 run	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 run	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 run	punct
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 run	nsubj
5	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 run	aux
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 metres	nummod
8	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 run	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 seconds	case
10	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 seconds	nummod
11	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 run	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 run	punct
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 run	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run in a quote	could	Theo	100 metres			second		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Dad: "In your dreams, kid."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 dreams	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 dreams	punct
4	In	in	ADP	_	6 dreams	case
5	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 dreams	nmod:poss
6	dreams	dream	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Dad	parataxis
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 kid	punct
8	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dreams	appos
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 kid	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 kid	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dream in a quote		your						nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 3: Why is Dad right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 right	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
3	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Dad					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

10 seconds is the speed of an average child

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 seconds	nummod
2	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 speed	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 speed	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 speed	det
5	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 child	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 child	det
8	average	average	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 child	amod
9	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 speed	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	10 seconds	the speed				of a average child	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The best runners in history only just beat 10 seconds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 runners	det
2	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 runners	amod
3	runners	runner	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 beat	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 history	case
5	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 runners	nmod
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 beat	advmod
7	just	just	ADV	_	8 beat	advmod
8	beat	beat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 seconds	nummod
10	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 beat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beat	present	the best runners in history				second		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Children are not allowed to run 100 metres

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	aux:pass
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 allowed	advmod
4	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 run	mark
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 allowed	xcomp
7	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 metres	nummod
8	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 run	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not allow	present · passive		Children					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	run not said to happen	to-infinitive	Children not said here	100 metres					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme metre=Trajectory

Option 4

Dad is wrong; most children can do it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 do	punct
5	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 children	amod
6	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 do	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 do	aux
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 wrong	conj
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Dad					wrong property	tree rules
2	do	can	most children	it					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/105-alarms-stopwatches-how-long-a-second-is/t7/