Test 1 · Solids, liquids and gases
You blow up a balloon. What is inside it that makes it fat?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: You, balloon · What happens: blow up, be, make · To what, where: balloon, it
This is test 1 of lesson 11 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: You blow up a balloon.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 blow | nsubj |
| 2 | blow | blow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 blow | compound:prt |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 balloon | det |
| 5 | balloon | balloon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 blow | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 blow | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | blow up | present | You | a balloon | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent balloon=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is inside it that makes it fat?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 it | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 it | cop |
| 3 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 4 it | case |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 makes | nsubj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 makes | nsubj |
| 6 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 makes | obj |
| 8 | fat | fat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 makes | xcomp |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 makes | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | balloon | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | make | present | balloon | it | fat property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material it=Product |
The options
Option 1
Only water from your breath
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 water | advmod |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 breath | case |
| 4 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 breath | nmod:poss |
| 5 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 water | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Only the warmth from your body
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 warmth | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 warmth | det |
| 3 | warmth | warmth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 body | case |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 body | nmod:poss |
| 6 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warmth | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Air, a gas that takes up space
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 gas | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 gas | det |
| 4 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Air | appos |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 takes | nsubj |
| 6 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 gas | acl:relcl |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 takes | compound:prt |
| 8 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 takes | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take up | present | a gas | space | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme |
Option 4
Nothing at all, it is empty
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 all | case |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 1 Nothing | nmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nothing | punct |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 empty | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 empty | cop |
| 7 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Nothing | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | it | empty property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/11-solids-liquids-gases/t1/