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Test 4 · ★★★ · Why time flies and why it drags

Ivy: "Christmas can't come quicker, Mum, it's always 365 days." Mum: "It feels quicker every year." Who's right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Christmas, Ivy · What happens: not come, be, feel · To what, where: 365 days

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 110 «Why time flies and why it drags» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ivy: "Christmas can't come quicker, Mum, it's always 365 days."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ivy	ivy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 come	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 come	punct
4	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 come	nsubj
5	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 come	aux
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 come	advmod
7	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Ivy	conj
8	quicker	quicker	ADV	_	7 come	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Mum	punct
10	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 come	vocative
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 days	punct
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 days	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 days	cop
14	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	15 365	advmod
15	365	365	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 days	nummod
16	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 come	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ivy	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Ivy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not come in a quote	can	Christmas					Mum vocative; quicker property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a in a quote	present	Ivy	365 days					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Mum: "It feels quicker every year."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 feels	vocative
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Mum	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 feels	punct
4	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 feels	nsubj
5	feels	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	quicker	quick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 feels	xcomp
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 year	det
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 feels	obl:unmarked
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 feels	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 feels	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel in a quote	present	Ivy				year	Mum vocative; quick property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Sentence 3: Who's right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Both: Ivy about the length, Mum about the feeling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 Ivy	det
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Both	punct
3	Ivy	ivy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 length	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 length	det
6	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Ivy	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Mum	punct
8	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Ivy	conj
9	about	about	ADP	_	11 feeling	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 feeling	det
11	feeling	feeling	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 Mum	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Neither; the year is 52 days long

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	8 long	advmod
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 long	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 year	det
4	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 long	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 long	cop
6	52	52	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 days	nummod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 long	obl:unmarked
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the year				day	long, neither property	tree rules

Option 3

Only Ivy; feelings about time are made up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 Ivy	advmod
2	Ivy	Ivy	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 made	nsubj:pass
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 Ivy	punct
4	feelings	feeling	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	nsubj:pass
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 time	case
6	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 feelings	nmod
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 made	aux:pass
8	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 made	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up	present · passive		Ivy					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot

Option 4

Only Mum; the year really is shorter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 Mum	advmod
2	Mum	Mum	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 shorter	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 year	det
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shorter	nsubj
6	really	really	ADV	_	8 shorter	advmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 shorter	cop
8	shorter	short	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 Mum	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the year					short property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/t4/