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Test 10 · Day and night, shadows and sundials

A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day. Put it right.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon, you · What happens: show, drive, put · To what, where: Sun, little track, Earth

This is test 10 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows the Sun on a little track, driving round the Earth each day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Sun	det
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 track	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 track	det
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 track	amod
9	track	track	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 driving	punct
11	driving	drive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 shows	conj
12	round	round	ADP	_	14 Earth	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Earth	det
14	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 driving	obl
15	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	16 day	det
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 driving	obl:unmarked
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon		the Sun	a little track			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sun=Recipient
2	drive	gerund	a cartoon not said here			the Earth	day		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent round earth=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put it right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here	Sun				right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The Earth spins, and that makes the Sun seem to cross the sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spins	nsubj
3	spins	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 makes	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 makes	cc
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 makes	nsubj
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spins	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Sun	det
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 seem	nsubj
10	seem	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 makes	ccomp
11	to	to	PART	_	12 cross	mark
12	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 seem	xcomp
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sky	det
14	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cross	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spin	present	the Earth						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	make	present	that						tree rules
3	seem	present	the Sun						vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
4	cross	to-infinitive	the Sun not said here	the sky					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Patient

Option 2

The Sun really drives round, but much faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 drives	nsubj
3	really	really	ADV	_	4 drives	advmod
4	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	round	round	ADV	_	4 drives	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 faster	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 faster	cc
8	much	much	ADV	_	9 faster	advmod
9	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 drives	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	the Sun					fast, round property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The Earth goes round the Sun once every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	round	round	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 goes	obl
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 goes	advmod
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 once	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	the Earth			the Sun		once property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round sun=Initial_Location

Option 4

The Sun and the Earth both stand still

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 stand	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Earth	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sun	conj
6	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	7 stand	nsubj
7	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	still	still	ADV	_	7 stand	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	present	the Sun and the Earth				still		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/t10/