Test 4 · Day and night, shadows and sundials

Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!" What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leo · What happens: kick, be · To what, where: sundial

This is test 4 of lesson 118 «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Leo kicks his sundial on a grey day: "Useless piece of junk!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 kicks	nsubj
2	kicks	kick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 sundial	nmod:poss
4	sundial	sundial	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kicks	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	8 day	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 day	det
7	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 day	amod
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kicks	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 piece	punct
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 piece	punct
11	Useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 piece	amod
12	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kicks	parataxis
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 junk	case
14	junk	junk	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 piece	nmod
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 piece	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 piece	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kick	present	Leo	Leo's sundial			day		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It works in the rain but not in fog

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 works	nsubj
2	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 rain	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rain	det
5	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 works	obl
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 fog	cc
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 fog	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 fog	case
9	fog	fog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rain	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	It					in the rain but fog	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in rain=Theme

Option 2

It's broken for good now and will never work again, so bin it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 broken	nsubj:pass
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 broken	aux:pass
3	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 good	case
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 broken	obl
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 broken	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 work	cc
8	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 work	aux
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 work	advmod
10	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 broken	conj
11	again	again	ADV	_	10 work	advmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 bin	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	14 bin	advmod
14	bin	bin	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 broken	conj
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 bin	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	break	present · passive	It	now	for good	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	not work	future		again		vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	bin	infinitive	it			vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It's fine, but it works only when the Sun makes a shadow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fine	expl
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fine	cop
3	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 works	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 works	cc
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 works	nsubj
7	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fine	parataxis
8	only	only	ADV	_	9 when	advmod
9	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 makes	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Sun	det
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 makes	nsubj
12	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 works	advcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 shadow	det
14	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present			fine property	tree rules
2	work	present	it			vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	make	present	the Sun	a shadow		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Product

Option 4

It works even better on cloudy days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 works	nsubj
2	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	even	even	ADV	_	4 better	advmod
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 works	xcomp
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 days	case
6	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 days	amod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 better	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	It					good property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/t4/