Test 1 · Melting, freezing and boiling
Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock. What change of state is this?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Red hot lava, this · What happens: cool, become, be · To what, where: rock, change
This is test 1 of lesson 12 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Red-hot lava cools and becomes rock.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 lava | amod |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Red | punct |
| 3 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 lava | amod |
| 4 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cools | nsubj |
| 5 | cools | cool | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 becomes | cc |
| 7 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cools | conj |
| 8 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 becomes | xcomp |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 cools | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cool | present | Red hot lava | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | become | present | Red hot lava not said here | rock | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What change of state is this?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | DET | PronType=Int | 2 change | det |
| 2 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 state | case |
| 4 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 change | nmod |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 change | cop |
| 6 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 change | nsubj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 change | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | this | what change | of state | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Evaporating, a liquid becoming a gas
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Evaporating | evaporate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 becoming | csubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Evaporating | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 liquid | det |
| 4 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 becoming | nsubj |
| 5 | becoming | become | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 gas | det |
| 7 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 becoming | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | evaporate | gerund | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | become | gerund | a liquid | a gas | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient gas=Result |
Option 2
Melting, a solid becoming a liquid
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Melting | melting | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 solid | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 solid | det |
| 4 | solid | solid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Melting | conj |
| 5 | becoming | become | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Melting | acl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 liquid | det |
| 7 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 becoming | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | gerund | Melting and a solid not said here | a liquid | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Freezing, a liquid becoming a solid
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Freezing | freezing | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 liquid | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 liquid | det |
| 4 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Freezing | conj |
| 5 | becoming | become | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Freezing | acl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 solid | det |
| 7 | solid | solid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 becoming | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | gerund | Freezing and a liquid not said here | a solid | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
Option 4
Boiling, a liquid becoming a gas
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Boiling | boiling | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 liquid | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 liquid | det |
| 4 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Boiling | conj |
| 5 | becoming | become | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Boiling | acl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 gas | det |
| 7 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 becoming | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | gerund | Boiling and a liquid not said here | a gas | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient gas=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/12-melting-freezing-boiling/t1/