Exam question 1 · Sleep and the body clock

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the circadian rhythm?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: circadian rhythm

This is exam question 1 of lesson 127 «Sleep and the body clock» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 rhythm	det
10	circadian	circadian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 rhythm	amod
11	rhythm	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the circadian rhythm				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An internal cycle of approximately seven days, reset by meals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cycle	det
2	internal	internal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cycle	amod
3	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 reset	nsubj:pass
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 days	case
5	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	6 seven	advmod
6	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 days	nummod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cycle	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 reset	punct
9	reset	reset	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 meals	case
11	meals	meal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 reset	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reset	participle · passive	meals	a internal cycle of seven days					tree rules

Option 2

A cycle observable exclusively in human beings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 observable	det
2	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 observable	compound
3	observable	observable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 observable	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 beings	case
6	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 beings	amod
7	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 observable	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

An external cycle imposed by the striking of clocks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cycle	det
2	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cycle	amod
3	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	imposed	impose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 cycle	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 striking	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 striking	det
7	striking	striking	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 imposed	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 clocks	case
9	clocks	clock	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 striking	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	impose	participle		a external cycle not said here				by the striking of clocks	vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	strike			clocks					nom striking «event transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

An internal cycle of approximately twenty-four hours, reset chiefly by light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cycle	det
2	internal	internal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cycle	amod
3	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 reset	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	9 hours	case
5	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	6 twenty	advmod
6	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 hours	nummod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 twenty	punct
8	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 twenty	flat
9	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cycle	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cycle	punct
11	reset	reset	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
12	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	_	11 reset	advmod
13	by	by	ADP	_	14 light	case
14	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 reset	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reset	infinitive	a internal cycle of twenty hours					by light; chiefly property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/127-sleep-and-the-body-clock/e1/