Exam question 4 · The water cycle

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the total quantity of water upon the Earth.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, total quantity

This is exam question 4 of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 quantity	det
13	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 quantity	amod
14	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 water	case
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 quantity	nmod
17	upon	upon	ADP	_	19 Earth	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Earth	det
19	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 water	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the total quantity of water upon the Earth		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus quantity=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It remains approximately constant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remains	nsubj
2	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	4 constant	advmod
4	constant	constant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 remains	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	It					constant property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It diminishes by a small amount each year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 diminishes	nsubj
2	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	6 amount	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 amount	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 amount	amod
6	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 diminishes	obl
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 year	det
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 diminishes	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	diminish	present	It				year	by a small amount	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3

It increases by a small amount each year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 increases	nsubj
2	increases	increase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	6 amount	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 amount	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 amount	amod
6	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 increases	obl
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 year	det
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 increases	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	present	It				year	by a small amount	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It is entirely renewed upon an annual basis

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 renewed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 renewed	aux:pass
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 renewed	advmod
4	renewed	renew	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 basis	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 basis	det
7	annual	annual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 basis	amod
8	basis	basis	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 renewed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	renew	present · passive		It				upon a annual basis; entirely property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/14-the-water-cycle/e4/