Exam question 3 · The water cycle

Identify the principal reason for which rain is fresh water even when derived from the sea.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal reason · What happens: identify, be, derive · To what, where: principal reason, fresh water, sea

This is exam question 3 of lesson 14 «The water cycle» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 water	nsubj
7	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 water	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 water	cop
9	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 water	amod
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reason	nmod
11	even	even	ADV	_	13 derived	advmod
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 derived	advmod
13	derived	derive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 water	acl
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 sea	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 sea	det
16	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 derived	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is a	present	the principal reason	fresh water		tree rules
3	derive	participle			the sea	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from sea=Material

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The clouds filter out the salt as they form

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clouds	det
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 filter	nsubj
3	filter	filter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 filter	compound:prt
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 salt	det
6	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 filter	obj
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 form	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 form	nsubj
9	form	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 filter	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	filter out	present	the clouds	the salt					vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent salt=Initial_Location
2	form	present	clouds = cloud						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The salt is consumed entirely by the Sun's heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 salt	det
2	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consumed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 consumed	aux:pass
4	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 consumed	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	10 heat	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Sun	det
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 heat	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Sun	case
10	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consumed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present · passive	the Sun's heat	the salt				entirely property	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset
2	heat		the Sun						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The salt remains behind upon evaporation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 salt	det
2	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	nsubj
3	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	behind	behind	ADV	_	3 remains	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 evaporation	case
6	evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	the salt			evaporation		behind property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon evaporation=Location

Option 4

The wind removes the salt from the falling rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	nsubj
3	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 salt	det
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 rain	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 rain	det
8	falling	falling	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rain	compound
9	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 removes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	present	the wind	the salt		the falling rain			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent salt=Theme from rain=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/14-the-water-cycle/e3/