Exam question 4 · Who stole the remote? Jumping to conclusions at home

Which of the following most accurately characterises the claim that a person "always" commits a certain act?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: person · What happens: follow, characteris, commit · To what, where: claim, certain act

This is exam question 4 of lesson 162 «Who stole the remote? Jumping to conclusions at home» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 claim	det
9	claim	claim	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	16 commits	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 person	det
12	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 commits	nsubj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 always	punct
14	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	16 commits	advmod
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 always	punct
16	commits	commit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 claim	acl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 act	det
18	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 act	amod
19	act	act	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 commits	obj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the claim	accurately property	tree rules
3	commit	present	a person	a certain act	always property	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a measurement obtained by counting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 measurement	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 measurement	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 measurement	det
4	measurement	measurement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	obtained	obtain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 measurement	acl
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 counting	mark
7	counting	count	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 obtained	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a measurement	tree rules
2	obtain	participle		a measurement not said here	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
3	count	gerund			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

It constitutes conclusive proof of guilt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	conclusive	conclusive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 proof	amod
4	proof	proof	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 guilt	case
6	guilt	guilt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 proof	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	conclusive proof of guilt					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme proof=Pivot
2	proof			guilt					nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is a presumption, not evidence concerning the present case

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 presumption	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 presumption	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 presumption	det
4	presumption	presumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 evidence	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 evidence	advmod
7	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 presumption	conj
8	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 evidence	acl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 case	det
10	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 case	amod
11	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 concerning	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a presumption and evidence					tree rules
2	concern	gerund	evidence not said here	the present case					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus case=Experiencer

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It is a legal finding, and is therefore binding upon the whole household

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 finding	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 finding	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 finding	det
4	legal	legal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 finding	amod
5	finding	finding	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 binding	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 binding	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 binding	aux
9	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	10 binding	advmod
10	binding	bind	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 finding	conj
11	upon	upon	ADP	_	14 household	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 household	det
13	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 household	amod
14	household	household	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 binding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a legal finding					tree rules
2	bind	present · progressive						upon the whole household; therefore property	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/162-who-stole-the-remote-jumping-to-conclusions/e4/