Test 4 · ★ · Air and why we need it

Why is it hard to run fast near the top of a very high mountain?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, run · To what, where: top

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 17 «Air and why we need it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 hard	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hard	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hard	expl
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 run	mark
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 hard	xcomp
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 run	advmod
8	near	near	ADP	_	10 top	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 top	det
10	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 run	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 mountain	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 mountain	det
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 high	advmod
14	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 mountain	amod
15	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 top	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 hard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						hard property	tree rules
2	run	to-infinitive				the top of a high mountain		fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near top=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Gravity is much stronger up there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stronger	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 stronger	cop
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 stronger	advmod
4	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	up	up	ADV	_	4 stronger	advmod
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 stronger	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Gravity			there		strong property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Each breath brings in less oxygen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 breath	det
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	nsubj
3	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 oxygen	case
5	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 oxygen	amod
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	each breath			less oxygen			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The ground is softer up there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ground	det
2	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 softer	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 softer	cop
4	softer	soft	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	up	up	ADV	_	6 there	advmod
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 softer	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the ground			there		soft property	tree rules

Option 4

The air is too heavy to breathe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavy	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 heavy	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 heavy	advmod
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 breathe	mark
7	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 heavy	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the air					heavy property	tree rules
2	breathe	to-infinitive	the air not said here						vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/17-air-oxygen-carbon-dioxide/t4/