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Test 1 · "I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy

His mate: "The coin doesn't know, bro. It's not keeping a diary. It's a coin." What is he mocking?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: coin, he · What happens: not know, not keep, be, mock · To what, where: bro, diary, coin

This is test 1 of lesson 171 «"I'm due a win": the gambler's fallacy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: His mate: "The coin doesn't know, bro.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 know	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 know	punct
5	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 coin	det
6	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 know	nsubj
7	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 know	aux
8	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 know	advmod
9	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 mate	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 bro	punct
11	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 know	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 mate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not know in a quote	present · do-support	the coin	bro					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer bro=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: It's not keeping a diary.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 keeping	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 keeping	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 keeping	advmod
4	keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 diary	det
6	diary	diary	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keeping	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 keeping	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not keep	present · progressive	coin	a diary					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diary=Theme

Sentence 3: It's a coin."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 coin	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 coin	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 coin	det
4	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 coin	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 coin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	coin	a coin					tree rules

Sentence 4: What is he mocking?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 mocking	obj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mocking	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mocking	nsubj
4	mocking	mock	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 mocking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mock	present · progressive	he						vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

People who keep diaries

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 keep	nsubj
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 People	acl:relcl
4	diaries	diary	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	People	diaries					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diary=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The idea that the coin remembers and must even out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 idea	det
2	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 remembers	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 coin	det
5	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 remembers	nsubj
6	remembers	remember	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 idea	acl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 out	cc
8	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 out	aux
9	even	even	ADV	_	10 out	advmod
10	out	out	ADV	_	6 remembers	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remember	present	the coin	the idea not said here					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent idea=Theme

Option 3

Coins for being boring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	for	for	ADP	_	4 boring	case
3	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 boring	cop
4	boring	boring	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Coins	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						boring property	tree rules

Option 4

Jayden for liking pizza

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jayden	Jayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 liking	nsubj
2	for	for	ADP	_	3 liking	case
3	liking	like	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	pizza	pizza	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 liking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	gerund	Jayden	pizza					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pizza=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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