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Test 9 · Adverts and "8 out of 10 cats"

Dad, grumpy: "Kids who take 'em are healthier, it says. Healthier than who, eh?" Why is it a good question?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Kids, it · What happens: take, be, say · To what, where: 'em, good question · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 176 «Adverts and "8 out of 10 cats"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dad, grumpy: "Kids who take 'em are healthier, it says.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grumpy	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Dad	punct
3	grumpy	grumpy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 says	advcl
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 healthier	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 healthier	punct
6	Kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 healthier	nsubj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 take	nsubj
8	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 Kids	acl:relcl
9	'em	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 take	obj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 healthier	cop
11	healthier	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grumpy	parataxis
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 says	punct
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 says	nsubj
14	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	present	Kids	'em = they					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
2	is in a quote	present	Kids					healthy property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert in a quote	present	it						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Healthier than who, eh?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Healthier	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
2	than	than	ADP	_	3 who	case
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	1 Healthier	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Healthier	punct
5	eh	eh	INTJ	_	1 Healthier	discourse
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Healthier	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Healthier	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: Why is it a good question?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 question	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 question	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 question	nsubj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 question	det
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 question	amod
6	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 question	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a good question					tree rules

The options

Option 1

Because vitamins always make children ill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	4 make	mark
2	vitamins	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	nsubj
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 make	advmod
4	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 make	obj
6	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	vitamins	children				always, ill property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset child=Product

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Because gummies are the only reason kids are healthy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 reason	mark
2	gummies	gummy	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 reason	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 reason	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 reason	det
5	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 reason	amod
6	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 healthy	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 healthy	cop
9	healthy	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 reason	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	gummies	the only reason					tree rules
2	is	present	kids	the only reason not said here				healthy property	tree rules

Option 3

Because only grown-ups can become healthier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	7 become	mark
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 grown	advmod
3	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 ups	amod
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 grown	punct
5	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 become	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 become	aux
7	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	healthier	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	become	can	grown ups					healthy property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Without a fair comparison you can't tell what made them healthier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	4 comparison	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 comparison	det
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 comparison	amod
4	comparison	comparison	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tell	obl
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 tell	nsubj
6	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 tell	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 tell	advmod
8	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 made	nsubj
10	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 tell	ccomp
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 made	obj
12	healthier	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 made	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not tell speech: assert	can	you					without a fair comparison	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make	past		them = they				healthy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material they=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/176-adverts-and-8-out-of-10-cats/t9/