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Exam question 2 · "It's natural so it's healthy" and the miracle cure

It is given that an individual recovered from a common cold within one week of commencing a daily spoonful of vinegar. Identify the principal reason for which this does not demonstrate that vinegar is a cure.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: one week, you, this, vinegar · What happens: give, recover, commence, identify, not demonstrate, be · To what, where: It, individual, common cold, daily spoonful, principal reason, cure

This is exam question 2 of lesson 179 «"It's natural so it's healthy" and the miracle cure» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that an individual recovered from a common cold within one week of commencing a daily spoonful of vinegar.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 individual	mark
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 individual	det
6	individual	individual	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 given	xcomp
7	recovered	recover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 individual	acl
8	from	from	ADP	_	11 cold	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 cold	det
10	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cold	amod
11	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 recovered	obl
12	within	within	ADP	_	14 week	case
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 week	nummod
14	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 given	obl
15	of	of	SCONJ	_	16 commencing	mark
16	commencing	commence	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 week	acl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 spoonful	det
18	daily	daily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 spoonful	amod
19	spoonful	spoonful	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 commencing	obj
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 vinegar	case
21	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 spoonful	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It			week		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	recover	participle		a individual not said here		a common cold			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from cold=Source
3	commence	gerund	one week not said here	a daily spoonful of vinegar					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoonful=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Identify the principal reason for which this does not demonstrate that vinegar is a cure.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 demonstrate	obl
7	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 demonstrate	nsubj
8	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 demonstrate	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 demonstrate	advmod
10	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	acl:relcl
11	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 vinegar	det
12	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 cure	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 cure	cop
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 cure	det
15	cure	cure	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 demonstrate	ccomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	not demonstrate	present · do-support	this					for the principal reason	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present	that vinegar	a cure					tree rules

The options

Option 1

One week is insufficient for any recovery

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 week	nummod
2	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insufficient	obl:unmarked
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 insufficient	cop
4	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 recovery	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 recovery	det
7	recovery	recovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insufficient	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present					week	for any recovery; insufficient property	tree rules

Option 2

Vinegar is known to prolong the common cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 known	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 known	aux:pass
3	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 prolong	mark
5	prolong	prolong	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 known	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cold	det
7	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cold	amod
8	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 prolong	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present · passive		Vinegar					tree rules
2	prolong	to-infinitive		the common cold					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cold=Theme

Option 3

Common colds do not resolve without medication

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 colds	amod
2	colds	cold	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 resolve	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 resolve	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 resolve	advmod
5	resolve	resolve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	without	without	ADP	_	7 medication	case
7	medication	medication	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 resolve	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not resolve	present · do-support	Common colds					without medication	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Common colds ordinarily resolve within seven to ten days without treatment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 colds	amod
2	colds	cold	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 resolve	nsubj
3	ordinarily	ordinarily	ADV	_	4 resolve	advmod
4	resolve	resolve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	within	within	ADP	_	9 days	case
6	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 days	nummod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 ten	case
8	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 seven	nmod
9	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 resolve	obl
10	without	without	ADP	_	11 treatment	case
11	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 resolve	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	resolve	present	Common colds				day	without treatment; ordinarily property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/179-its-natural-so-its-healthy-and-the-miracle-cure/e2/