Test 4 · ★ · Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn Dad in Scotland on a dreich day: "Washed the motor again, and look, rain. I'm cursed." What is true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Dad · What happens: wash, look, curse, be · To what, where: motor, rain, I
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 180 «Correlation is not cause: ice cream and sunburn» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Dad in Scotland on a dreich day: "Washed the motor again, and look, rain.
nsubj case nmod case det amod nmod punct punct det obj advmod punct cc advcl punct obl punct root Dad NOUN in ADP Scotland PROPN on ADP a DET dreich ADJ day NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Washed VERB the DET motor NOUN again ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ look VERB , PUNCT rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 10 Washed nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 Scotland case 3 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 1 Dad nmod 4 on on ADP _ 7 day case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 day det 6 dreich dreich ADJ Degree=Pos 7 day amod 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 1 Dad nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 Washed punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 10 Washed punct 10 Washed wash VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 motor det 12 motor motor NOUN Number=Sing 10 Washed obj 13 again again ADV _ 10 Washed advmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 look punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 look cc 16 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 Washed advcl 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 rain punct 18 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 16 look obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 10 Washed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash in a quote past Dad in Scotland on a dreich day the motor again vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent motor=Patient 2 look in a quote infinitive Dad in Scotland on a dreich day not said here rain vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: I'm cursed."
nsubj aux:pass punct punct root I PRON 'm AUX cursed VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 cursed nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 cursed aux:pass 3 cursed curse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 . . PUNCT _ 3 cursed punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 cursed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 curse present · passive I vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Sentence 3: What is true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON is AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Washing a car really does cause rain, so he should stop doing it
csubj det obj advmod aux obj punct advmod nsubj aux conj xcomp obj root Washing VERB a DET car NOUN really ADV does AUX cause VERB rain NOUN , PUNCT so ADV he PRON should AUX stop VERB doing VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Washing wash VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 cause csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 car det 3 car car NOUN Number=Sing 1 Washing obj 4 really really ADV _ 6 cause advmod 5 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cause aux 6 cause cause VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 6 cause obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 stop punct 9 so so ADV _ 12 stop advmod 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 stop nsubj 11 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 stop aux 12 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cause conj 13 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 stop xcomp 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 doing obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash gerund a car vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient 2 cause present · do-support Washing rain vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition rain=Patient 3 stop should he vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 4 do gerund he not said here rain vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer It rains after some washes and not others, like any day
nsubj case det obl cc advmod conj punct case det conj root It PRON rains VERB after ADP some DET washes NOUN and CCONJ not PART others NOUN , PUNCT like ADP any DET day NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rains nsubj 2 rains rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 after after ADP _ 5 washes case 4 some some DET PronType=Ind 5 washes det 5 washes wash NOUN Number=Plur 2 rains obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 others cc 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 others advmod 8 others other NOUN Number=Plur 5 washes conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 day punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 day case 11 any any DET PronType=Ind 12 day det 12 day day NOUN Number=Sing 5 washes conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rain present It after some washes and others and any day vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
Option 3 Dad is cursed by the weather
nsubj aux:pass case det obl root Dad NOUN is AUX cursed VERB by ADP the DET weather NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 cursed nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 cursed aux:pass 3 cursed curse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 weather case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 weather det 6 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 3 cursed obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 curse present · passive the weather Dad vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Option 4 Rain only falls on clean cars
nsubj advmod case amod obl root Rain NOUN only ADV falls VERB on ADP clean ADJ cars NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 3 falls nsubj 2 only only ADV _ 3 falls advmod 3 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 cars case 5 clean clean ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cars amod 6 cars car NOUN Number=Plur 3 falls obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present Rain clean cars vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on car=Location
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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