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Test 10 · ★★★ · Sounds wrong, but is right

Gran in Bristol: "Lightning never strikes twice, my lover, everyone knows." What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Gran, everyone · What happens: not strike, know, be

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 182 «Sounds wrong, but is right» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gran in Bristol: "Lightning never strikes twice, my lover, everyone knows."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 strikes	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 Bristol	case
3	Bristol	Bristol	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Gran	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 Lightning	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Lightning	punct
6	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 strikes	nsubj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 strikes	advmod
8	strikes	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	8 strikes	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 lover	punct
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 lover	nmod:poss
12	lover	lover	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 strikes	vocative
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 knows	punct
14	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	15 knows	nsubj
15	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 strikes	parataxis
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 knows	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 knows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not strike in a quote	present	Gran in Bristol					my lover vocative; twice property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
2	know in a quote	present	everyone						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Lightning only hits places it has never hit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hits	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 hits	advmod
3	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hits	obj
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 hit	nsubj:pass
6	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hit	aux
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 hit	advmod
8	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 hits	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present	Lightning	places					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme place=Co-Theme
2	not hit	present · perfect · passive		Lightning					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme

Option 2

Lightning never hits the same building again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hits	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 hits	advmod
3	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 building	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 building	amod
6	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hits	obj
7	again	again	ADV	_	3 hits	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hit	present	Lightning	the same building			again		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme building=Co-Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The Empire State Building is hit around 20 times a year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Building	det
2	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 State	compound
3	State	State	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Building	compound
4	Building	Building	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 hit	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 hit	aux:pass
6	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	around	around	ADV	_	8 20	advmod
8	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 times	nummod
9	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hit	obl:unmarked
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 year	det
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 times	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present · passive		the State Building			time		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme

Option 4

Tall buildings are never hit by lightning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 buildings	amod
2	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hit	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hit	aux:pass
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 hit	advmod
5	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 lightning	case
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hit	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hit	present · passive	lightning	Tall buildings					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/182-sounds-wrong-but-is-right/t10/