Test 11 · ★★★ · Sounds wrong, but is right

In a cartoon a character hides under a tree that lightning has just hit: "Safest spot in the storm, deffo!" Put the cartoon right.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: character, you · What happens: hide, hit, put · To what, where: cartoon, tree

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 182 «Sounds wrong, but is right» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a character hides under a tree that lightning has just hit: "Safest spot in the storm, deffo!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 character	det
5	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	nsubj
6	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 tree	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 tree	det
9	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	obl
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 hit	nsubj:pass
11	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hit	nsubj:pass
12	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 hit	aux
13	just	just	ADV	_	14 hit	advmod
14	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 tree	acl:relcl
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 spot	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 spot	punct
17	Safest	safe	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 spot	amod
18	spot	spot	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	parataxis
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 storm	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 storm	det
21	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 spot	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 deffo	punct
23	deffo	deffo	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 spot	conj
24	!	!	PUNCT	_	18 spot	punct
25	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 spot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present	a character			a cartoon		under a tree	tree rules
2	hit	present · perfect · passive		a tree					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put the cartoon right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Put	obj
4	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here	the cartoon				right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent cartoon=Goal

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Lightning only ever hits flat open ground, never trees or houses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hits	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	4 hits	advmod
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 hits	advmod
4	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ground	amod
6	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ground	amod
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hits	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 trees	punct
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 trees	advmod
10	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hits	obj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 houses	cc
12	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 trees	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	present	Lightning	flat open ground			ever		vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient tree=Result

Option 2

A struck tree can never be struck again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tree	det
2	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 tree	amod
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 struck	nsubj:pass
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 struck	aux
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	7 struck	advmod
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 struck	aux:pass
7	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	again	again	ADV	_	7 struck	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	participle							vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not strike	can · passive		a struck tree			again		vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Lightning can hit the same tall thing again, so it isn't safe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hit	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hit	aux
3	hit	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 thing	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 thing	amod
6	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 thing	amod
7	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hit	obj
8	again	again	ADV	_	3 hit	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 safe	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	14 safe	advmod
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 safe	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 safe	cop
13	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 safe	advmod
14	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hit	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	can	Lightning	the same tall thing			again		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme
2	not is	present	Lightning					safe property	tree rules

Option 4

It's safe because the tree is already burnt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 safe	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 safe	cop
3	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 burnt	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tree	det
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 burnt	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 burnt	aux:pass
8	already	already	ADV	_	9 burnt	advmod
9	burnt	burnt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 safe	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					safe property	tree rules
2	burnt	present · passive		the tree					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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