Test 11 · Some, all, none and "not all" In a cartoon a sign says "No cats". A kitten strolls in saying, "I'm a kitten, not a cat!" and the guard waves it through. Put the cartoon right.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sign, kitten, guard, you · What happens: say, stroll, be, wave, put · To what, where: cats, cartoon, kitten · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 11 of lesson 185 «Some, all, none and "not all"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: In a cartoon a sign says "No cats".
case det obl det nsubj punct det obj punct punct root In ADP a DET cartoon NOUN a DET sign NOUN says VERB " PUNCT No DET cats NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 cartoon case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 cartoon det 3 cartoon cartoon NOUN Number=Sing 6 says obl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sign det 5 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 6 says nsubj 6 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 " " PUNCT _ 9 cats punct 8 No no DET PronType=Neg 9 cats det 9 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 6 says obj 10 " " PUNCT _ 9 cats punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present a sign no cats a cartoon vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent cat=Theme in cartoon=Manner
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: A kitten strolls in saying, "I'm a kitten, not a cat!" and the guard waves it through.
det nsubj mark advcl punct punct nsubj cop det ccomp punct advmod det appos punct punct cc det nsubj conj obj advmod punct root A DET kitten NOUN strolls VERB in SCONJ saying VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT I PRON 'm AUX a DET kitten NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET cat NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT and CCONJ the DET guard NOUN waves VERB it PRON through ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kitten det 2 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 3 strolls nsubj 3 strolls stroll VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in SCONJ _ 5 saying mark 5 saying say VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 strolls advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 kitten punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 11 kitten punct 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 kitten nsubj 9 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 kitten cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kitten det 11 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 5 saying ccomp 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 cat punct 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 15 cat advmod 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 cat det 15 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 11 kitten appos 16 ! ! PUNCT _ 15 cat punct 17 " " PUNCT _ 15 cat punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 21 waves cc 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 guard det 20 guard guard NOUN Number=Sing 21 waves nsubj 21 waves wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 strolls conj 22 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 waves obj 23 through through ADV _ 21 waves advmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 strolls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stroll present a kitten vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 say speech: express gerund a kitten not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 is a in a quote present a kitten = kitten a kitten tree rules 4 wave present the guard kitten through property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Sentence 3: Put the cartoon right.
det obj advmod punct root Put VERB the DET cartoon NOUN right ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cartoon det 3 cartoon cartoon NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 right right ADV _ 1 Put advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the cartoon right property vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent cartoon=Goal
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice The sign only means big cats like lions
det nsubj advmod amod obj case nmod root The DET sign NOUN only ADV means VERB big ADJ cats NOUN like ADP lions NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sign det 2 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 only only ADV _ 4 means advmod 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cats amod 6 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 4 means obj 7 like like ADP _ 8 lions case 8 lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 6 cats nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the sign big cats like lions vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Topic
Option 2 Kittens are allowed to go anywhere
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp advmod root Kittens NOUN are AUX allowed VERB to PART go VERB anywhere ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kittens kitten NOUN Number=Plur 3 allowed nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 allowed aux:pass 3 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 allowed xcomp 6 anywhere anywhere ADV PronType=Ind 5 go advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow present · passive Kittens vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality 2 go not said to happen to-infinitive Kittens not said here anywhere property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer A kitten is a young cat, so the sign includes it
det nsubj cop det amod punct advmod det nsubj acl:relcl obj root A DET kitten NOUN is AUX a DET young ADJ cat NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET sign NOUN includes VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kitten det 2 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 6 cat nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cat cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cat det 5 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cat amod 6 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 includes punct 8 so so ADV _ 11 includes advmod 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 sign det 10 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 11 includes nsubj 11 includes include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cat acl:relcl 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 includes obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a kitten a young cat tree rules 2 include present the sign kitten vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Option 4 Kittens are a different animal from cats
nsubj cop det amod case nmod root Kittens NOUN are AUX a DET different ADJ animal NOUN from ADP cats NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kittens kitten NOUN Number=Plur 5 animal nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 animal cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 animal det 4 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 5 animal amod 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 from from ADP _ 7 cats case 7 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 5 animal nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Kittens a different animal from cats tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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