Test 12 · "How do you know?" Gen X dad: "Bummer, kid, your 'fact' needs a source. Totally rad that you checked, though." What is he praising?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Gen X, you, X · What happens: need, check, praise · To what, where: source, rad
This is test 12 of lesson 186 «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Gen X dad: "Bummer, kid, your 'fact' needs a source.
compound nsubj flat punct punct appos punct conj punct nmod:poss punct conj punct det obj punct root Gen NOUN X NOUN dad NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Bummer NOUN , PUNCT kid NOUN , PUNCT your PRON ' PUNCT fact NOUN ' PUNCT needs VERB a DET source NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gen gen NOUN Number=Sing 2 X compound 2 X x NOUN Number=Sing 14 needs nsubj 3 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 X flat 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 Bummer punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 6 Bummer punct 6 Bummer bummer NOUN Number=Sing 2 X appos 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 kid punct 8 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 6 Bummer conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 fact punct 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 fact nmod:poss 11 ' ' PUNCT _ 12 fact punct 12 fact fact NOUN Number=Sing 6 Bummer conj 13 ' ' PUNCT _ 12 fact punct 14 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 source det 16 source source NOUN Number=Sing 14 needs obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 14 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need in a quote present Gen X a source vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot source=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Totally rad that you checked, though."
advmod obl:unmarked nsubj acl:relcl punct advmod punct punct root Totally ADV rad NOUN that PRON you PRON checked VERB , PUNCT though ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Totally totally ADV _ 2 rad advmod 2 rad rad NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 checked obl:unmarked 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 checked nsubj 5 checked check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 rad acl:relcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 though punct 7 though though ADV _ 5 checked advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 rad punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 2 rad punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check past you rad though property vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: What is he praising?
obj aux nsubj punct root What PRON is AUX he PRON praising VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 praising obj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 praising aux 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 praising nsubj 4 praising praise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 praising punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 praise present · progressive X vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Repeating facts quickly
obj advmod root Repeating VERB facts NOUN quickly ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Repeating repeat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 1 Repeating obj 3 quickly quickly ADV _ 1 Repeating advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 repeat gerund facts quickly property vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Eventuality
Option 2 Believing whatever sounds cool
csubj obj xcomp root Believing VERB whatever PRON sounds VERB cool ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 sounds csubj 2 whatever whatever PRON PronType=Rel 1 Believing obj 3 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sounds xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe gerund whatever vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whatever=Stimulus 2 sound present Believing cool property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer Checking where a claim came from
nsubj advmod det nsubj obl root Checking VERB where ADV a DET claim NOUN came VERB from ADP The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Checking check VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 came nsubj 2 where where ADV PronType=Rel 5 came advmod 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 claim det 4 claim claim NOUN Number=Sing 5 came nsubj 5 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 from from ADP _ 5 came obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check gerund vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 come past vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 4 Never believing anything at all, just to be safe
advmod obj case nmod punct advmod mark cop parataxis root Never ADV believing VERB anything PRON at ADP all DET , PUNCT just ADV to PART be AUX safe ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 believing advmod 2 believing believe VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 3 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 believing obj 4 at at ADP _ 5 all case 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 3 anything nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 safe punct 7 just just ADV _ 10 safe advmod 8 to to PART _ 10 safe mark 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 safe cop 10 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 2 believing parataxis
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not believe gerund anything all vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus 2 is to-infinitive safe property tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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