Test 6 · ★ · One counterexample is enough
Ruby's grandma: "Hates technology, does she? I've got more subscribers than your favourite gamer, darling." What has she broken?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: grandma, I · What happens: do, get, break · To what, where: technology, more subscribers
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 187 «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Ruby's grandma: "Hates technology, does she?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ruby | Ruby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 grandma | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Ruby | case |
| 3 | grandma | grandma | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 does | nsubj |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 technology | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 technology | punct |
| 6 | Hates | hate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 technology | compound |
| 7 | technology | technology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 does | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 technology | punct |
| 9 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 does | obj |
| 11 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 does | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do in a quote | present | Ruby's grandma | technology | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: I've got more subscribers than your favourite gamer, darling."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 got | nsubj |
| 2 | 've | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 got | aux |
| 3 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 subscribers | amod |
| 5 | subscribers | subscriber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 got | obj |
| 6 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 gamer | case |
| 7 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 gamer | nmod:poss |
| 8 | favourite | favourite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 gamer | amod |
| 9 | gamer | gamer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 got | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 darling | punct |
| 11 | darling | darling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 gamer | conj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 got | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 got | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | present · perfect | I | more subscribers | than your favourite gamer and darling | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subscriber=Stimulus |
Sentence 3: What has she broken?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 broken | aux |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 broken | nsubj |
| 4 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 broken | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | present · perfect · passive | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The stereotype that every old person hates technology
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 stereotype | det |
| 2 | stereotype | stereotype | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 hates | obj |
| 4 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 person | det |
| 5 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 person | amod |
| 6 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hates | nsubj |
| 7 | hates | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 stereotype | acl:relcl |
| 8 | technology | technology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hates | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hate | present | every old person | the stereotype | tree rules |
Option 2
The rule that gamers have subscribers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 rule | det |
| 2 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 have | obj |
| 4 | gamers | gamer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 have | nsubj |
| 5 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 rule | acl |
| 6 | subscribers | subscriber | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 have | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | gamers | the rule | tree rules |
Option 3
Her own internet connection
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 connection | nmod:poss |
| 2 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 connection | amod |
| 3 | internet | internet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 connection | compound |
| 4 | connection | connection | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
The idea that knitting is popular
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 idea | det |
| 2 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 popular | nsubj |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 4 knitting | mark |
| 4 | knitting | knitting | NOUN | _ | 2 idea | acl |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 popular | cop |
| 6 | popular | popular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the idea | popular property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/t6/