Exam question 2 · A fair trial, and the Wonderland court that gets it all wr…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relation between verdict and sentence?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: relation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 191 «A fair trial, and the Wonderland court that gets it all wrong» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 relation	det
10	relation	relation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	between	between	ADP	_	12 verdict	case
12	verdict	verdict	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 relation	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 sentence	cc
14	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 verdict	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the relation				of the following statements; between verdict and sentence; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

A sentence may be pronounced only after a verdict of guilty has been reached

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sentence	det
2	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pronounced	nsubj:pass
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 pronounced	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 pronounced	aux:pass
5	pronounced	pronounce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 verdict	advmod
7	after	after	ADP	_	9 verdict	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 verdict	det
9	verdict	verdict	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 reached	nsubj:pass
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 guilty	case
11	guilty	guilty	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 verdict	nmod
12	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 reached	aux
13	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 reached	aux:pass
14	reached	reach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 pronounced	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pronounce	may · passive		a sentence					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	reach	present · perfect · passive		a verdict of guilty					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme

Option 2

A verdict and a sentence are identical terms for the same decision

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 verdict	det
2	verdict	verdict	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 terms	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 sentence	cc
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sentence	det
5	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 verdict	conj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 terms	cop
7	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 terms	amod
8	terms	term	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 decision	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 decision	det
11	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 decision	amod
12	decision	decision	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 terms	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a verdict and a sentence	identical terms				for the same decision	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

A sentence is determined by the witnesses and the verdict by the judge alone, without a jury

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sentence	det
2	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 determined	aux:pass
4	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 witnesses	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 witnesses	det
7	witnesses	witness	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 determined	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 verdict	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 verdict	det
10	verdict	verdict	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 witnesses	conj
11	by	by	ADP	_	13 judge	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 judge	det
13	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	obl
14	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 determined	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 jury	punct
16	without	without	ADP	_	18 jury	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 jury	det
18	jury	jury	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	the witnesses and the verdict	a sentence				by the judge; alone property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic

Option 4

A sentence must invariably be pronounced before the verdict is considered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sentence	det
2	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pronounced	nsubj:pass
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 pronounced	aux
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	6 pronounced	advmod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 pronounced	aux:pass
6	pronounced	pronounce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 considered	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 verdict	det
9	verdict	verdict	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 considered	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 considered	aux:pass
11	considered	consider	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 pronounced	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pronounce	must · passive		a sentence				invariably property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	consider	present · passive		the verdict					vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/191-a-fair-trial-and-the-wonderland-court-that-gets-it-all-wrong/e2/