Exam question 4 · A fair trial, and the Wonderland court that gets it all wr…

Ascertain the value, as evidence, of a document which bears no signature and names no person.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, name · To what, where: value, person

This is exam question 4 of lesson 191 «A fair trial, and the Wonderland court that gets it all wrong» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 value	det
3	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 evidence	punct
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 evidence	case
6	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 document	punct
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 document	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 document	det
10	document	document	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obl
11	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	12 bears	det
12	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 document	conj
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 signature	det
14	signature	signature	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bears	nmod:unmarked
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 names	cc
16	names	name	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Ascertain	conj
17	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	18 person	det
18	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 names	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the value				as evidence; of a document and which bears no signature	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Topic
2	name	present	you not said here	no person					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It establishes that the trial must be abandoned

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 establishes	nsubj
2	establishes	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 abandoned	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 trial	det
5	trial	trial	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 abandoned	nsubj:pass
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 abandoned	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 abandoned	aux:pass
8	abandoned	abandon	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 establishes	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present	It						vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
2	abandon	must · passive		the trial					vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: subject=Source

Option 2

It establishes that the accused is an honest man

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 establishes	nsubj
2	establishes	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 man	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 man	det
5	accused	accuse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 man	amod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 man	cop
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 man	det
8	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 man	amod
9	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 establishes	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	establish	present	It		vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
2	accuse	participle			vn suspect-81 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent
3	is a	present		the accused honest man	tree rules

Option 3

It conclusively establishes the guilt of the accused

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 establishes	nsubj
2	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	3 establishes	advmod
3	establishes	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 guilt	det
5	guilt	guilt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 establishes	obj
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	8 accused	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 accused	det
8	accused	accuse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 guilt	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present	It	the guilt				conclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guilt=Patient
2	accuse	participle		the guilt not said here					vn suspect-81 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It does not in itself establish who composed it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 does	nsubj
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	2 does	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 itself	case
5	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 does	obl
6	establish	establish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 itself	conj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 composed	nsubj
8	composed	compose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 establish	ccomp
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 composed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	not do	present	It		itself = it	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	establish	infinitive				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic
3	compose	past		it		vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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