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Test 8 · ★★★ · Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★

Lily: "Five heads in a row! Tails is SO due now, it's basically guaranteed." What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Tails · What happens: be, guarantee · To what, where: row

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 193 «Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Lily: "Five heads in a row!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lily	Lily	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 heads	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 heads	punct
4	Five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 heads	nummod
5	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Lily	appos
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 row	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 row	det
8	row	row	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heads	nmod
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Lily	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: Tails is SO due now, it's basically guaranteed."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 due	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 due	cop
3	SO	so	ADV	_	4 due	advmod
4	due	due	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 due	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 guaranteed	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 guaranteed	nsubj:pass
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 guaranteed	aux
9	basically	basically	ADV	_	10 guaranteed	advmod
10	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 due	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 due	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 due	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Tails				now	due property	tree rules
2	guarantee	present · passive		row				basically property	vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Sentence 3: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each throw is still a half chance of heads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 throw	det
2	throw	throw	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chance	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 chance	cop
4	still	still	ADV	_	7 chance	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chance	det
6	half	half	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	7 chance	amod
7	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 heads	case
9	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 chance	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	each throw	a half chance			still	of heads	tree rules

Option 2

Tails is now certain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 certain	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 certain	cop
3	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 certain	advmod
4	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Tails				now	certain property	tree rules

Option 3

Heads is more likely now, as the coin is on a roll

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 likely	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 likely	punct
7	as	as	ADP	_	13 roll	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 coin	det
9	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 roll	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 roll	cop
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 roll	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 roll	det
13	roll	roll	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 likely	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Heads				now	likely property	tree rules
2	is	present	the coin					as a roll	tree rules

Option 4

Heads is less likely, since it's had its turn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 had	punct
6	since	since	SCONJ	_	9 had	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 had	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 had	aux
9	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 likely	parataxis
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 turn	nmod:poss
11	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Heads					less, likely property	tree rules
2	have	present · passive	it	its turn					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turn=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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