Exam question 3 · Clever reasoning about water and matter

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the drops upon the exterior of a cold glass.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, drops

This is exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 drops	det
13	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 concerning	obj
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 exterior	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 exterior	det
16	exterior	exterior	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 drops	nmod
17	of	of	ADP	_	20 glass	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 glass	det
19	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 glass	amod
20	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 exterior	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the drops	upon the exterior of a cold glass	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus drop=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They have passed through the wall of the glass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 passed	nsubj:pass
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 passed	aux
3	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 wall	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wall	det
6	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 passed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 glass	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 glass	det
9	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wall	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	present · perfect · passive		They		the wall of the glass			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme through wall=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They derive from water vapour present in the surrounding air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 derive	nsubj
2	derive	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 present	case
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vapour	compound
5	vapour	vapour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 present	compound
6	present	present	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 derive	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 air	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 air	det
9	surrounding	surrounding	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 air	compound
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 present	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present	They			vapour present in the surrounding air			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from present=Material

Option 3

They have splashed from the beverage within

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 splashed	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 splashed	aux
3	splashed	splash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 beverage	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 beverage	det
6	beverage	beverage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 splashed	obl
7	within	within	ADP	_	3 splashed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	splash	present · perfect	They			the beverage			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

They have been produced by the cold itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 produced	nsubj:pass
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 produced	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 produced	aux:pass
4	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 cold	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cold	det
7	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 produced	obl
8	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	7 cold	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	present · perfect · passive	the cold cold	They					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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