Exam question 4 · Clever reasoning about water and matter

Whereas floating ice melts in a glass of water, determine the effect upon the water level.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: floating ice, you · What happens: float, melt, determine · To what, where: glass, effect

This is exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	4 melts	mark
2	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 ice	amod
3	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melts	nsubj
4	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 determine	advcl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 glass	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 glass	det
7	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melts	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 water	case
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 glass	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 melts	punct
11	determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 effect	det
13	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 determine	obj
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	17 level	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 level	det
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 level	compound
17	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 effect	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	float	gerund					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	melt	present	floating ice		a glass of water		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	determine	imperative	you not said here	the effect		upon the water level	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It invariably overflows the rim of the vessel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 overflows	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 overflows	advmod
3	overflows	overflow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rim	det
5	rim	rim	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 overflows	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 vessel	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 vessel	det
8	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rim	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	overflow	present	It	the rim of the vessel				invariably property	tree rules

Option 2

It falls markedly as the ice disappears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	markedly	markedly	ADV	_	2 falls	advmod
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 disappears	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ice	det
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 disappears	nsubj
7	disappears	disappear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 falls	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	It					markedly property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	disappear	present	the ice						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It remains approximately unaltered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remains	nsubj
2	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	4 unaltered	advmod
4	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 remains	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	It					unaltered property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It rises markedly as the ice turns to water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rises	nsubj
2	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	markedly	markedly	ADV	_	2 rises	advmod
4	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 turns	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ice	det
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	nsubj
7	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 rises	advcl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 water	case
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	It					markedly property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	turn	present	the ice			water			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to water=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/20-reasoning-water-and-matter/e4/