Test 10 · ★★★ · Clever reasoning about water and matter

why do ice cubes float in ur drink

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: ice cubes · What happens: float · To what, where: drink

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 float	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 float	aux
3	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cubes	compound
4	cubes	cube	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 float	nsubj
5	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 drink	case
7	ur	your	PRON	Abbr=Yes Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 drink	nmod:poss
8	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 float	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present · do-support	ice cubes			ur's drink			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in drink=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Ice is lighter because it is cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lighter	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lighter	cop
3	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 cold	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 cold	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cold	cop
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lighter	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Ice					light property	tree rules
2	is	present	Ice					cold property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dense	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dense	cop
3	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 dense	advmod
4	dense	dense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 water	case
6	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 water	amod
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dense	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Ice					than liquid water; dense, less property	tree rules

Option 3

Ice has air bubbles that make it a gas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bubbles	compound
4	bubbles	bubble	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 make	nsubj
6	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bubbles	acl:relcl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 make	obj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 gas	det
9	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Ice	air bubbles					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bubble=Patient
2	make	present	air bubbles	Ice					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset it=Beneficiary gas=Product

Option 4

The drink pushes all solids to the top

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 drink	det
2	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	nsubj
3	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 solids	det
5	solids	solid	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pushes	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 top	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 top	det
8	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	the drink	all solids		the top			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent solid=Theme to top=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/20-reasoning-water-and-matter/t10/