Test 13 · ★★★ · Clever reasoning about water and matter

my brother says road salt melts ice however cold it is. right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: brother, road salt, ice · What happens: say, melt, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 brother	nmod:poss
2	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 salt	compound
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 melts	nsubj
6	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cold	nsubj
8	however	however	ADV	_	9 cold	advmod
9	cold	col	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 melts	ccomp
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 cold	obj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 cold	cop
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
13	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	conj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my brother		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	melt	present	road salt		tree rules
3	is	present	ice	col, however property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

No, in very hard frost even salty water freezes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	10 freezes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 frost	punct
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 frost	case
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 hard	advmod
5	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 frost	amod
6	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 freezes	nsubj
7	even	even	ADV	_	9 water	advmod
8	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 water	amod
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 frost	nmod
10	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	hard frost salty water						vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

No, salt only works on snow, not ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 salt	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 works	nsubj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 works	advmod
5	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 snow	case
7	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 works	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 ice	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 ice	advmod
10	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	salt	ice				on snow	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on snow=Theme

Option 3

Yes, the colder it is the better salt works

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 colder	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 colder	det
4	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 salt	amod
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 salt	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 salt	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 salt	det
8	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 salt	amod
9	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 works	nsubj
10	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	the colder better salt					tree rules
2	work	present	the colder better salt						vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, salt melts ice at any temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 melts	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melts	nsubj
4	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melts	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 temperature	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 temperature	det
8	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	salt	ice		any temperature			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/20-reasoning-water-and-matter/t13/