Test 4 · ★★★ · Clever reasoning about water and matter

How can salt melt the ice on a road at -5 °C?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: salt · What happens: melt · To what, where: ice, road

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 melt	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 melt	aux
3	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melt	nsubj
4	melt	melt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ice	det
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melt	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 road	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 road	det
9	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melt	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 5	case
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 at	punct
12	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 C	nummod
13	°	°	SYM	_	14 C	compound
14	C	c	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 melt	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 melt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	can	salt	the ice		a road		5 ° C obl	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Salty water freezes below -5 °C, so it stays liquid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 freezes	nsubj
3	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	below	below	ADP	_	6 5	case
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 below	punct
6	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 freezes	obl
7	°	°	SYM	_	8 C	compound
8	C	c	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 5	nmod:unmarked
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 stays	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 stays	advmod
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 stays	nsubj
12	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 freezes	conj
13	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 stays	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	Salty water			5 ° C			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	stay	present	water					liquid property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Salt is a fuel that slowly burns

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fuel	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fuel	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fuel	det
4	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 burns	nsubj
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	7 burns	advmod
7	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fuel	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Salt	a fuel					tree rules
2	burn	present	a fuel					slowly property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Salt heats the ice up to 0 °C

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heats	nsubj
2	heats	heat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ice	det
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heats	obj
5	up	up	ADP	_	2 heats	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 0	case
7	0	0	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 heats	obl
8	°	°	SYM	_	9 C	compound
9	C	c	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 0	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	heat up	present	Salt	the ice				to 0 ° C result	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent ice=Patient to 0=Result

Option 4

Car tyres warm the salt up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tyres	compound
2	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 warm	nsubj
3	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 salt	det
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 warm	obj
6	up	up	ADP	_	3 warm	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warm up	present	Car tyres	the salt					vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent salt=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/20-reasoning-water-and-matter/t4/