Test 6 · ★★★ · Clever reasoning about water and matter

Why does a pond freeze first at the top and not at the bottom?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: do · To what, where: pond freeze, top

This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 20 «Clever reasoning about water and matter» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 does	advmod
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 freeze	det
4	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 freeze	compound
5	freeze	freeze	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
6	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	2 does	advmod
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 top	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 top	det
9	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 bottom	cc
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 bottom	advmod
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 bottom	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 bottom	det
14	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 top	conj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present		a pond freeze		the top and the bottom		first property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent freeze=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Ice sinks and piles up from the bottom

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 piles	cc
4	piles	pile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 piles	compound:prt
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 bottom	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bottom	det
8	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 piles	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	Ice						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	pile up	present	Ice not said here			the bottom			vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Frogs on the bottom melt the ice there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 melt	nsubj
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 bottom	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bottom	det
4	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Frogs	nmod
5	melt	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ice	det
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 melt	obj
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 melt	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Frogs on the bottom	the ice		there			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result

Option 3

The Sun warms only the top of the pond

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 warms	nsubj
3	warms	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 top	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 top	det
6	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 warms	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 pond	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pond	det
9	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 top	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warm	present	the Sun	the top of the pond					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent top=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The surface touches the cold air, and ice floats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 surface	det
2	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 touches	nsubj
3	touches	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 touches	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 floats	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 floats	cc
9	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 floats	compound
10	floats	float	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 touches	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	touch	present	the surface	the cold air				ice floats obl	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme air=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/20-reasoning-water-and-matter/t6/