Test 11 · The skeleton and muscles

my arm muscle pulls it bent, so what straightens it back, does it just push?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: arm muscle, muscle · What happens: pull, straighten back, push · To what, where: it, muscle

This is test 11 of lesson 31 «The skeleton and muscles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 muscle	nmod:poss
2	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 muscle	compound
3	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pulls	nsubj
4	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 pulls	obj
6	bent	bent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pulls	xcomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 straightens	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 straightens	advmod
9	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 straightens	nsubj
10	straightens	straighten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pulls	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 straightens	obj
12	back	back	ADV	_	10 straightens	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 push	punct
14	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 push	aux
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 push	nsubj
16	just	just	ADV	_	17 push	advmod
17	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 pulls	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 pulls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pull	present	my arm muscle	it	bent property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	straighten back	present		muscle		vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	push	present · do-support	muscle			vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The bone springs back by itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bone	det
2	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 springs	nsubj
3	springs	spring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	back	back	ADV	_	3 springs	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 itself	case
6	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 springs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spring back	present	the bone					by bone	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by itself=Trajectory

Option 2

The elbow joint pushes it straight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 joint	det
2	elbow	elbow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 joint	compound
3	joint	joint	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pushes	nsubj
4	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 pushes	obj
6	straight	straight	ADV	_	4 pushes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	the elbow joint	it				straight property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

The biceps pushes the arm back straight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 biceps	det
2	biceps	biceps	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pushes	nsubj
3	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 arm	det
5	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	obj
6	back	back	ADV	_	3 pushes	advmod
7	straight	straight	ADV	_	3 pushes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push back	present	the biceps	the arm				straight property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Another muscle at the back, the triceps, pulls it straight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	2 muscle	det
2	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pulls	nsubj
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 back	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 back	det
5	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 muscle	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 triceps	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 triceps	det
8	triceps	triceps	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 muscle	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 muscle	punct
10	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 pulls	obj
12	straight	straight	ADV	_	10 pulls	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	present	another muscle at the back and the triceps	back				straight property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/31-skeleton-and-muscles/t11/