Test 8 · ★★★ · Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics

Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Thinking like a scientist: the body and physics» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Muscles need less oxygen when they work hard

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 oxygen	amod
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	7 work	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 work	nsubj
7	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 need	advcl
8	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 work	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Muscles	less oxygen					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot oxygen=Theme
2	work	present	Muscles = muscle					hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The heart slows down whenever we run

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heart	det
2	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slows	nsubj
3	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	down	down	ADP	_	3 slows	compound:prt
5	whenever	whenever	SCONJ	_	7 run	mark
6	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 run	nsubj
7	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 slows	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slow down	present	the heart						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	run	present	we						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Breathing and heartbeat speed up together to feed busy muscles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Breathing	breathing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 speed	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 heartbeat	cc
3	heartbeat	heartbeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Breathing	conj
4	speed	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 speed	compound:prt
6	together	together	ADV	_	4 speed	advmod
7	to	to	PART	_	8 feed	mark
8	feed	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 speed	advcl
9	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 muscles	amod
10	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 feed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speed up	present	Breathing and heartbeat					together property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	feed	to-infinitive	Breathing and heartbeat not said here	busy muscles					vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Recipient

Option 4

We breathe faster only because we are scared

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 breathe	nsubj
2	breathe	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 breathe	advmod
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 scared	advmod
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 scared	mark
6	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 scared	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 scared	cop
8	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 breathe	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breathe	present	We					fast property	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	we					scared property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/40-body-and-physics-reasoning/t8/