Test 7 · ★★ · Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago

Why did people who began to farm build villages, while hunters kept moving?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: hunters, people · What happens: do, begin, farm, keep, move · To what, where: people, build villages

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 48 «Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 did	advmod
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 kept	advcl
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 did	obj
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 began	nsubj
5	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 people	acl:relcl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 farm	mark
7	farm	farm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 began	xcomp
8	build	build	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 villages	compound
9	villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 farm	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 kept	punct
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 kept	mark
12	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 kept	nsubj
13	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 kept	xcomp
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	do	past	hunters not said here	people	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Eventuality
2	begin	past	people		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	farm	to-infinitive	people not said here	build villages	vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Patient
4	keep	past	hunters		tree rules
5	move	gerund	hunters not said here		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Farmers were afraid of the forest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 afraid	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 afraid	cop
3	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 forest	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 forest	det
6	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 afraid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Farmers					of the forest; afraid property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Farmers had to stay near their fields and animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 stay	mark
4	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 had	xcomp
5	near	near	ADP	_	7 fields	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 fields	nmod:poss
7	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stay	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 animals	cc
9	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fields	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	Farmers						tree rules
2	stay	to-infinitive	Farmers not said here			Farmers's fields and animals			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near field=Location

Option 3

Villages were warmer only in summer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 warmer	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 warmer	cop
3	warmer	warm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 summer	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 summer	case
6	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 warmer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Villages				summer	warm property	tree rules

Option 4

Hunters did not know how to build houses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 know	nsubj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 know	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 know	advmod
4	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 build	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 build	mark
7	build	build	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 know	ccomp
8	houses	house	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 build	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not know	past · do-support	Hunters						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	build	to-infinitive		houses					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset house=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/48-time-and-history/t7/