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Test 8 · ★★ · Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago

A writer of the 15th century wanted to send a letter to a friend. Which of these could he use?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: writer · What happens: want, send, use · To what, where: letter, friend

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 48 «Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A writer of the 15th century wanted to send a letter to a friend.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 writer	det
2	writer	writer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wanted	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 century	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 century	det
5	15th	15th	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 century	amod
6	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 writer	nmod
7	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 send	mark
9	send	send	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 wanted	xcomp
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 letter	det
11	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 send	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 friend	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 friend	det
14	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 send	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 wanted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	a writer of the 15th century						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	send not said to happen	to-infinitive	a writer of the 15th century not said here	a letter	a friend				vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme to friend=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which of these could he use?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 use	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 these	case
3	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	1 Which	nmod
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 use	aux
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 use	nsubj
6	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	could	writer						vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Paper and ink

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 ink	cc
3	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Paper	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

A telephone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 telephone	det
2	telephone	telephone	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

A printed newspaper of 1950

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 newspaper	det
2	printed	print	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 newspaper	amod
3	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 1950	case
5	1950	1950	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 newspaper	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	print	participle							vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

An email

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 email	det
2	email	email	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/48-time-and-history/t8/