Exam question 1 · The Sun as a star and the stars

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Sun?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: Sun

This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «The Sun as a star and the stars» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Sun	det
10	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the Sun				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is the largest star in existence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 star	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 star	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 star	det
4	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 star	amod
5	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 existence	case
7	existence	existence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 star	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the largest star		existence			tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is a star, being a vast sphere of incandescent gas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 star	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 star	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 star	det
4	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 sphere	punct
6	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 sphere	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 sphere	det
8	vast	vast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 sphere	amod
9	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 star	appos
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 gas	case
11	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 gas	compound
12	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sphere	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a star					tree rules
2	is a	gerund		a vast sphere				of incandescent gas	tree rules

Option 3

It is a planet of exceptionally high temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 planet	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 planet	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 planet	det
4	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 temperature	case
6	exceptionally	exceptionally	ADV	_	7 high	advmod
7	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 temperature	amod
8	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 planet	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a planet				of high temperature	tree rules

Option 4

It is a burning mass of solid coal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 mass	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mass	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 mass	det
4	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 mass	amod
5	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 coal	case
7	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 coal	amod
8	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mass	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	It	a burning mass				of solid coal	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/5-the-sun-and-the-stars/e1/