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Test 5 · The Sun as a star and the stars

Venus shines brightly in the evening sky. Why does it shine?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Venus, sky · What happens: shine · To what, where: evening sky

This is test 5 of lesson 5 «The Sun as a star and the stars» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Venus shines brightly in the evening sky.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 shines	nsubj
2	shines	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	brightly	brightly	ADV	_	2 shines	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 sky	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sky	det
6	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sky	compound
7	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shines	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 shines	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shine	present	Venus			the evening sky		brightly property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sky=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why does it shine?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 shine	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shine	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shine	nsubj
4	shine	shine	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 shine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shine	present · do-support	sky						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It reflects sunlight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reflects	nsubj
2	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	It	sunlight					tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It is a star that makes light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 star	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 star	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 star	det
4	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 makes	nsubj
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 star	acl:relcl
7	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a star					tree rules
2	make	present	a star	light					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product

Option 3

It is very hot from the inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hot	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hot	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 hot	advmod
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 inside	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 inside	det
7	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hot	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			the inside		hot property	tree rules

Option 4

It reflects light from the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reflects	nsubj
2	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	It	light		the Earth			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/5-the-sun-and-the-stars/t5/