Test 5 · ★ · Simple machines and how they help
A pulley is fixed at the top of a well. What is the main help it gives?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: main help, help · What happens: fix, be, give · To what, where: pulley, top, main help
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A pulley is fixed at the top of a well.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 pulley | det |
| 2 | pulley | pulley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fixed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fixed | aux:pass |
| 4 | fixed | fix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 top | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 top | det |
| 7 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fixed | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 well | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 well | det |
| 10 | well | well | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 top | nmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fixed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fix | present · passive | a pulley | the top of a well | vn price-54.4 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Theme at top=Value |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the main help it gives?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 help | det |
| 4 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 help | amod |
| 5 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 gives | nsubj |
| 7 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 help | acl:relcl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the main help | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | give | present | help | the main help not said here | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent help=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The water becomes lighter to lift
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 water | det |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 becomes | nsubj |
| 3 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | lighter | light | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 becomes | xcomp |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 lift | mark |
| 6 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 lighter | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | present | the water | light property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | lift | to-infinitive | the water not said here | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
The bucket becomes half as heavy
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bucket | det |
| 2 | bucket | bucket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 becomes | nsubj |
| 3 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | half | half | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 6 heavy | advmod |
| 5 | as | as | ADV | _ | 6 heavy | advmod |
| 6 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 becomes | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | present | the bucket | heavy property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
Option 3
The rope lifts the full bucket up the well all by itself
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 rope | det |
| 2 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lifts | nsubj |
| 3 | lifts | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bucket | det |
| 5 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 bucket | amod |
| 6 | bucket | bucket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lifts | obj |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 all | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 all | reparandum |
| 9 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 all | advmod |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 lifts | obl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 itself | case |
| 12 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 lifts | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lift | present | the rope | the full bucket | all | by rope | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme up all=Destination by itself=Initial_Location |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
You can pull down on the rope to raise the bucket
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 pull | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 pull | aux |
| 3 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADP | _ | 3 pull | compound:prt |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 rope | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 rope | det |
| 7 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pull | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 raise | mark |
| 9 | raise | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 pull | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 bucket | det |
| 11 | bucket | bucket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 raise | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull down | can | You | on the rope | vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on rope=Theme | ||||
| 2 | raise | to-infinitive | You not said here | the bucket | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/52-simple-machines/t5/