Test 4 · ★ · Simple machines and how they help

Why is a long spanner better than a short one for undoing a stiff nut?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: long spanner, short one · What happens: be, undo · To what, where: stiff nut

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 52 «Simple machines and how they help» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 better	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 better	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 spanner	det
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 spanner	amod
5	spanner	spanner	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 better	nsubj
6	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	10 one	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 one	det
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 one	amod
10	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 better	obl
11	for	for	SCONJ	_	12 undoing	mark
12	undoing	undo	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 one	acl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 nut	det
14	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 nut	amod
15	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 undoing	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 better	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a long spanner					than a short one; good property	tree rules
2	undo	gerund	a short one not said here	a stiff nut					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A long spanner removes friction from the nut

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 spanner	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spanner	amod
3	spanner	spanner	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 removes	nsubj
4	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 removes	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 nut	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 nut	det
8	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 removes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	present	a long spanner	friction		the nut			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent friction=Theme from nut=Source

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

You push further from the nut, so you need less force

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 push	nsubj
2	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 push	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 nut	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 nut	det
6	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 push	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 need	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 need	advmod
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 need	nsubj
10	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 push	conj
11	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 force	amod
12	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	You					from the nut; far property	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from nut=Co-Patient
2	need	present	you	less force					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot force=Theme

Option 3

A long spanner makes the nut smaller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 spanner	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spanner	amod
3	spanner	spanner	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 nut	det
6	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
7	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	a long spanner	the nut				small property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nut=Product

Option 4

A long spanner is made of stronger metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 spanner	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spanner	amod
3	spanner	spanner	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 metal	case
7	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 metal	amod
8	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		a long spanner				of stronger metal	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/52-simple-machines/t4/