Exam question 2 · Light, shadows and colours
It is given that an opaque object is displaced towards a lamp. Determine the consequent alteration in its shadow.
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, alteration · What happens: give, displace, determine, shadow · To what, where: It, opaque object, consequent alteration, shadow
This is exam question 2 of lesson 53 «Light, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that an opaque object is displaced towards a lamp.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 displaced | mark |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 object | det |
| 6 | opaque | opaque | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 object | amod |
| 7 | object | object | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 displaced | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 displaced | aux:pass |
| 9 | displaced | displace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 10 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 12 lamp | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 lamp | det |
| 12 | lamp | lamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 displaced | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | displace | present · passive | a opaque object | towards a lamp | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Determine the consequent alteration in its shadow.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine | determine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 alteration | det |
| 3 | consequent | consequent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 alteration | compound |
| 4 | alteration | alteration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Determine | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 shadow | case |
| 6 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 shadow | nmod:poss |
| 7 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Determine | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Determine | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | determine | imperative | you not said here | the consequent alteration | alteration's shadow | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alteration=Topic | |||
| 2 | shadow | alteration | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
The options
Option 1
The shadow shall remain of identical size
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shadow | det |
| 2 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remain | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 remain | aux |
| 4 | remain | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 size | case |
| 6 | identical | identical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 size | amod |
| 7 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remain | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remain | shall | the shadow | of identical size | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
The shadow shall diminish in size
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shadow | det |
| 2 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 diminish | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 diminish | aux |
| 4 | diminish | diminish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 size | case |
| 6 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 diminish | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | diminish | shall | the shadow | size | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
Option 3
The shadow shall cease entirely to exist
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shadow | det |
| 2 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cease | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 cease | aux |
| 4 | cease | cease | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 4 cease | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 exist | mark |
| 7 | exist | exist | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 cease | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cease | shall | the shadow | entirely property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | exist | to-infinitive | the shadow not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The shadow shall increase in size
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shadow | det |
| 2 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 increase | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 increase | aux |
| 4 | increase | increase | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 size | case |
| 6 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 increase | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | increase | shall | the shadow | size | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/53-light/e2/