Test 4 · ★★ · Inventions, computers and the internet

Why can a fibre-optic cable carry so much information so fast?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: fibre optic cable · What happens: carry · To what, where: much information

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 59 «Inventions, computers and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	8 carry	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 carry	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cable	det
4	fibre	fibre	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cable	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 fibre	punct
6	optic	optic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cable	amod
7	cable	cable	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 carry	nsubj
8	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	so	so	ADV	_	10 much	advmod
10	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 information	amod
11	information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 carry	obj
12	so	so	ADV	_	13 fast	advmod
13	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 carry	advmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 carry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	can	a fibre optic cable	much information				fast property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is much thicker than a copper wire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 thicker	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 thicker	cop
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 thicker	advmod
4	thicker	thick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	8 wire	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 wire	det
7	copper	copper	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wire	compound
8	wire	wire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 thicker	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					than a copper wire; thick property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It uses flashes of light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	flashes	flash	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 uses	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 light	case
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flashes	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	It	flashes of light					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flash=Patient
2	flash		light						nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

It uses sound, which is faster than light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 faster	punct
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 faster	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 faster	cop
7	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 sound	amod
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 light	case
9	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 faster	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	It	sound					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient
2	is	present	sound					than light; fast property	tree rules

Option 4

It is filled with very fast water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 filled	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 filled	aux:pass
3	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	7 water	case
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 fast	advmod
6	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 water	amod
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 filled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	present · passive		It				with fast water	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with water=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/59-inventions-computers-internet/t4/