Exam question 2 · Gravity

Identify the principal agency by which the planets are retained in their orbits.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal agency · What happens: identify, retain · To what, where: principal agency, planets, orbits

This is exam question 2 of lesson 6 «Gravity» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 agency	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 agency	amod
4	agency	agency	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 retained	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 planets	det
8	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 retained	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 retained	aux:pass
10	retained	retain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 agency	acl:relcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 orbits	case
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 orbits	nmod:poss
13	orbits	orbit	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 retained	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal agency					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent agency=Theme
2	retain	present · passive	the principal agency	the planets		planets's orbits			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The friction of interplanetary air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 friction	det
2	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 air	case
4	interplanetary	interplanetary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 air	amod
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 friction	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The pressure of the solar wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pressure	det
2	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 wind	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wind	det
5	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wind	amod
6	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pressure	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	press			the solar wind					nom pressure «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The gravitational attraction of the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 attraction	det
2	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 attraction	amod
3	attraction	attraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 attraction	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attract			the Sun					nom attraction «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The magnetism of the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 magnetism	det
2	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 magnetism	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/6-gravity/e2/