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Exam question 3 · Gravity

It is given that a hammer and a feather are released simultaneously in the absence of air. Determine the outcome.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, release, absent, determine · To what, where: It, hammer, absence, air, outcome

This is exam question 3 of lesson 6 «Gravity» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a hammer and a feather are released simultaneously in the absence of air.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 released	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hammer	det
6	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 released	nsubj:pass
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 feather	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 feather	det
9	feather	feather	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hammer	conj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 released	aux:pass
11	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
12	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV	_	11 released	advmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 absence	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 absence	det
15	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 released	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 air	case
17	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 absence	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	release	present · passive		a hammer and a feather		the absence of air		simultaneously property	vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Source
3	absent			air					nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the outcome.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 outcome	det
3	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the outcome					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outcome=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The hammer descends considerably more rapidly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hammer	det
2	hammer	hammer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 descends	nsubj
3	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	considerably	considerably	ADV	_	3 descends	advmod
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 rapidly	advmod
6	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	_	3 descends	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	the hammer					considerably, rapidly property	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The feather descends considerably more rapidly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 feather	det
2	feather	feather	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 descends	nsubj
3	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	considerably	considerably	ADV	_	3 descends	advmod
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 rapidly	advmod
6	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	_	3 descends	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	the feather					considerably, rapidly property	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Both descend at an identical rate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 descend	nsubj
2	descend	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	6 rate	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 rate	det
5	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rate	amod
6	rate	rate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descend	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present	Both			a identical rate			vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Neither descends, gravity being absent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	2 descends	advmod
2	descends	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 gravity	punct
4	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 absent	nsubj
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 absent	cop
6	absent	absent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 descends	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	present						neither property	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	gerund	gravity					absent property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/6-gravity/e3/