Exam question 1 · Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the direction of the flow of heat?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: heat · What happens: follow, characteris, flow · To what, where: direction

This is exam question 1 of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 direction	det
10	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 flow	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 flow	det
13	flow	flow	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 direction	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 heat	case
15	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 flow	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the direction of the flow of heat	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	flow		heat			nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Heat flows from the hotter body to the colder body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	nsubj
2	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 body	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 body	det
5	hotter	hot	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 body	amod
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 body	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 body	det
9	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 body	amod
10	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	present	Heat			the hotter body		to the colder body	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Heat flows only between bodies of equal temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	nsubj
2	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 bodies	advmod
4	between	between	ADP	_	5 bodies	case
5	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 flows	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 temperature	case
7	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 temperature	amod
8	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bodies	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	present	Heat			bodies of equal temperature			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between body=Location

Option 3

Heat flows exclusively through metals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	nsubj
2	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 flows	advmod
4	through	through	ADP	_	5 metals	case
5	metals	metal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 flows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	present	Heat			metals		exclusively property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through metal=Location

Option 4

Heat flows from the colder body to the hotter body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	nsubj
2	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 body	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 body	det
5	colder	cold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 body	amod
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 body	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 body	det
9	hotter	hot	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 body	amod
10	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	present	Heat			the colder body		to the hotter body	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/e1/