Exam question 3 · Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy
It is given that lightning is observed and the thunder is heard six seconds subsequently. Ascertain the approximate distance of the storm.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, observe, hear, ascertain · To what, where: It, lightning, thunder, approximate distance
This is exam question 3 of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that lightning is observed and the thunder is heard six seconds subsequently.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 observed | mark |
| 5 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 observed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 observed | aux:pass |
| 7 | observed | observe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 heard | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 thunder | det |
| 10 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 heard | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 heard | aux:pass |
| 12 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | conj |
| 13 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 seconds | nummod |
| 14 | seconds | second | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 heard | obj |
| 15 | subsequently | subsequently | ADV | _ | 12 heard | advmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | observe | present · passive | lightning | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 3 | hear | present · passive | the thunder | second | subsequently property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Ascertain the approximate distance of the storm.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 distance | det |
| 3 | approximate | approximate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 distance | amod |
| 4 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 storm | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 storm | det |
| 7 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 distance | nmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the approximate distance of the storm | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distance=Topic |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
About half a kilometre
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 half | advmod |
| 2 | half | half | DET | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind | 4 kilometre | det:predet |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 kilometre | det |
| 4 | kilometre | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
About eighteen kilometres
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 eighteen | advmod |
| 2 | eighteen | eighteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 kilometres | nummod |
| 3 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
About six kilometres
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 six | advmod |
| 2 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 kilometres | nummod |
| 3 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
About two kilometres
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 two | advmod |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 kilometres | nummod |
| 3 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/e3/