Test 10 · ★ · Volcanoes and earthquakes up close

why do so many farms sit right next to volcanoes, isnt that dumb

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: many farms · What happens: do, sit · To what, where: isnt

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sit	advcl
3	so	so	ADV	_	4 many	advmod
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 farms	amod
5	farms	farm	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sit	nsubj
6	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	right	right	ADV	_	8 next	advmod
8	next	next	ADV	_	6 sit	advmod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 volcanoes	case
10	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 next	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 isnt	punct
12	isnt	isnt	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sit	obl
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 dumb	nsubj
14	dumb	dumb	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 isnt	amod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	many farms not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	sit	present	many farms	isnt				next property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Lava scares away the insects and pests that eat the crops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 scares	nsubj
2	scares	scare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	away	away	ADV	_	2 scares	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 insects	det
5	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 scares	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pests	cc
7	pests	pest	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 insects	conj
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 eat	nsubj
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 insects	acl:relcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 crops	det
11	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scare away	present	Lava	the insects and pests				away property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus insect=Experiencer
2	eat	present	the insects and pests	the crops					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Patient

Option 2

Volcanoes bring extra rain to all the fields nearby

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bring	nsubj
2	bring	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 rain	amod
4	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bring	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	8 fields	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 fields	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fields	det
8	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bring	obl
9	nearby	nearby	ADV	_	2 bring	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	Volcanoes	extra rain		all fields		nearby property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rain=Theme to field=Destination

Option 3

Volcanoes keep the fields warm all through the cold winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fields	det
4	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 warm	nsubj
5	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 keep	ccomp
6	all	all	ADV	_	10 winter	advmod
7	through	through	ADP	_	10 winter	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 winter	det
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 winter	amod
10	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Volcanoes				winter		tree rules
2	warm	present	the fields						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Volcanic ash breaks down into very rich, fertile soil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ash	amod
2	ash	ash	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breaks	nsubj
3	breaks	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	down	down	ADP	_	3 breaks	compound:prt
5	into	into	ADP	_	10 soil	case
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 rich	advmod
7	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 soil	amod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 rich	punct
9	fertile	fertile	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 soil	amod
10	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 breaks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	present	Volcanic ash					into rich fertile soil result	vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into soil=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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