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Test 3 · Soil and what lives in it

A farmer ploughs a field on a slope and leaves it bare all winter. What is most likely to happen?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: farmer · What happens: plough, leave, be, happen · To what, where: field, slope

This is test 3 of lesson 63 «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A farmer ploughs a field on a slope and leaves it bare all winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 farmer	det
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ploughs	nsubj
3	ploughs	plough	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 field	det
5	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ploughs	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 slope	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 slope	det
8	slope	slope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ploughs	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 leaves	cc
10	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 ploughs	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 leaves	obj
12	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 leaves	xcomp
13	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	14 winter	det
14	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 leaves	obl:unmarked
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ploughs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plough	present	a farmer	a field		a slope			vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent field=Initial_Location
2	leave	present	a farmer not said here	field			winter	bare property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is most likely to happen?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 happen	mark
6	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 likely	xcomp
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 likely	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						likely property	tree rules
2	happen	to-infinitive							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

The soil turns into loam on its own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soil	det
2	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	nsubj
3	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 loam	case
5	loam	loam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turns	obl
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 own	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 own	nmod:poss
8	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	the soil			loam		on soil's own	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme into loam=Source on own=Trajectory

Option 2

The soil grows thicker by spring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soil	det
2	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	thicker	thick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 grows	xcomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 spring	case
6	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the soil				spring	thick property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Worms move to the field from far away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 move	nsubj
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 field	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 field	det
5	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 move	obl
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 far	case
7	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 away	advmod
8	away	away	ADV	_	2 move	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	Worms			the field		away property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to field=Trajectory

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Rain washes much of the topsoil away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 washes	nsubj
2	washes	wash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 washes	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 topsoil	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 topsoil	det
6	topsoil	topsoil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 much	nmod
7	away	away	ADV	_	2 washes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash	present	Rain	much of the topsoil				away property	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/t3/