Test 8 · ★★ · Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands

Why does dark sea water warm up faster than white ice when the Sun shines on both?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: dark sea water, Sun · What happens: do, warm up, shine · To what, where: both

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 65 «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 does	advmod
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 warm	advcl
3	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 water	amod
4	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 water	compound
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 warm	nsubj
6	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 warm	compound:prt
8	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 warm	advmod
9	than	than	ADP	_	11 ice	case
10	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 ice	amod
11	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 faster	obl
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 shines	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Sun	det
14	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 shines	nsubj
15	shines	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 warm	advcl
16	on	on	ADP	_	17 both	case
17	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	15 shines	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 warm	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	do	present	dark sea water not said here			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	warm up	present	dark sea water		fast property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	shine	present	the Sun	both		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on both=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Dark water takes in more sunlight while white ice reflects it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 takes	nsubj
3	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 sunlight	case
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 sunlight	amod
6	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 takes	obl
7	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 reflects	mark
8	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ice	amod
9	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reflects	nsubj
10	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 takes	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 reflects	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	Dark water			more sunlight			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in sunlight=Location
2	reflect	present	white ice	water					tree rules

Option 2

The Sun shines only on water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 shines	nsubj
3	shines	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 water	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shines	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shine	present	the Sun	water					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent water=Theme

Option 3

Water is always closer to the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 closer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 closer	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 closer	advmod
4	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 closer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Water					to the Sun; always, close property	tree rules

Option 4

Ice makes its own cold air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 air	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Ice	Ice's own cold air					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset air=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/t8/