Exam question 4 · Deserts, rainforests and grasslands

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the soil of a tropical rainforest.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, soil · To what, where: response, soil, tropical rainforest

This is exam question 4 of lesson 66 «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 soil	det
13	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 rainforest	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 rainforest	det
16	tropical	tropical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 rainforest	amod
17	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 soil	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the soil of a tropical rainforest		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus soil=Experiencer
5	soil			a tropical rainforest		nom soil «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is the most fertile soil in the world, owing to the fallen leaves

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 soil	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 soil	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 soil	det
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 fertile	advmod
5	fertile	fertile	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 soil	amod
6	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 world	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 world	det
9	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 soil	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 owing	punct
11	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 soil	acl
12	to	to	ADP	_	15 leaves	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 leaves	det
14	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 leaves	amod
15	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the fertile soil	the world		tree rules
2	owe	gerund	the fertile soil not said here			to the fallen leaves goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to leaf=Goal
3	fall	participle					vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It consists solely of black chernozem, as upon the grassy steppes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	6 chernozem	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 chernozem	case
5	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 chernozem	amod
6	chernozem	chernozem	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 steppes	punct
8	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	12 steppes	case
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 as	fixed
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 steppes	det
11	grassy	grassy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 steppes	amod
12	steppes	steppe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of black chernozem; as the grassy steppes	tree rules

Option 3

It is perpetually frozen beneath the surface, as in the northern tundra

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 frozen	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 frozen	aux:pass
3	perpetually	perpetually	ADV	_	4 frozen	advmod
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	7 surface	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surface	det
7	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 frozen	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 tundra	punct
9	as	as	ADP	_	13 tundra	case
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 tundra	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 tundra	det
12	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 tundra	amod
13	tundra	tundra	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 frozen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present · passive		It				beneath the surface; as the northern tundra; perpetually property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is often poor, the nutrients being quickly taken up by plants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 poor	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 poor	cop
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 poor	advmod
4	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 taken	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 nutrients	det
7	nutrients	nutrient	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 taken	nsubj
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 taken	aux:pass
9	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	10 taken	advmod
10	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 poor	advcl
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 taken	compound:prt
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 plants	case
13	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 taken	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					often, poor property	tree rules
2	take up	gerund · passive	plants	the nutrients				quickly property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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