Exam question 1 · Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky

Identify the principal reason for which the stars appear to move across the sky at night.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, stars · What happens: identify, appear, move · To what, where: principal reason, sky

This is exam question 1 of lesson 70 «Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 appear	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 stars	det
8	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 appear	nsubj
9	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 move	mark
11	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 appear	xcomp
12	across	across	ADP	_	14 sky	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sky	det
14	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 move	obl
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 night	case
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 move	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	appear	present	the stars				for the principal reason	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
3	move	to-infinitive	the stars not said here		the sky	night		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme across sky=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The wind in the upper atmosphere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 atmosphere	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 atmosphere	det
5	upper	upper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 atmosphere	amod
6	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wind	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The rotation of the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rotation	det
2	rotation	rotation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 rotation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rotate		the Earth						nom rotation «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The motion of the Moon across the sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 motion	det
2	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 Moon	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Moon	det
5	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 motion	nmod
6	across	across	ADP	_	8 sky	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sky	det
8	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 motion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	motion		the Moon			the sky			nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent across=place

Option 4

The motion of the stars around the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 motion	det
2	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 stars	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stars	det
5	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 motion	nmod
6	around	around	ADP	_	8 Sun	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Sun	det
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 stars	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	motion		the stars around the Sun						nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/70-the-night-sky/e1/