Exam question 4 · Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky

Ascertain the principal reason for which different constellations are seen in winter and in summer.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, see · To what, where: principal reason, different constellations

This is exam question 4 of lesson 70 «Stars, planets and constellations in the night sky» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 seen	obl
7	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 constellations	amod
8	constellations	constellation	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 seen	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 seen	aux:pass
10	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 winter	case
12	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 seen	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 summer	cc
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 summer	case
15	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 winter	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	see	present · passive		different constellations			winter	for the principal reason	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The stars change their shapes with the seasons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stars	det
2	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	nsubj
3	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 shapes	nmod:poss
5	shapes	shape	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 seasons	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 seasons	det
8	seasons	season	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	the stars	stars's shapes			season		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The Earth travels around the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 travels	nsubj
3	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	around	around	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 travels	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	present	the Earth			the Sun			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around sun=Trajectory

Option 3

The Moon conceals certain stars in summer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 conceals	nsubj
3	conceals	conceal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 stars	amod
5	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 conceals	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 summer	case
7	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 conceals	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conceal	present	the Moon	certain stars			summer		vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Patient

Option 4

The stars travel around the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stars	det
2	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 travel	nsubj
3	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	around	around	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 travel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	present	the stars			the Earth			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around earth=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/70-the-night-sky/e4/