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Test 1 · ★★ · Rockets, satellites and astronauts

A balloon is blown up and let go, and it shoots across the room. How is this like a rocket?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: balloon, this · What happens: blow up, let, go, shoot, be · To what, where: balloon, room

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 71 «Rockets, satellites and astronauts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A balloon is blown up and let go, and it shoots across the room.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 balloon	det
2	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 blown	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blown	aux:pass
4	blown	blow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 blown	compound:prt
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 let	cc
7	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 blown	conj
8	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 let	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 shoots	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 shoots	cc
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 shoots	nsubj
12	shoots	shoot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blown	conj
13	across	across	ADP	_	15 room	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 room	det
15	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shoots	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 blown	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow up	present · passive		a balloon					vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient
2	let	infinitive							tree rules
3	go	infinitive							vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	shoot	present	balloon			the room			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How is this like a rocket?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 How	cop
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 How	nsubj
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 rocket	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 rocket	det
6	rocket	rocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 this	nmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this					how property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Both burn fuel to fly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 burn	nsubj
2	burn	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 burn	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 fly	mark
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 burn	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	present	Both	fuel					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fuel=Theme
2	fly	to-infinitive	Both not said here						vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Both are pulled along by the wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 pulled	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pulled	aux:pass
3	pulled	pull	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	along	along	ADV	_	3 pulled	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 wind	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wind	det
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pulled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	present · passive	the wind	Both				along property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Both are pushed forward by gas rushing out of the back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 pushed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pushed	aux:pass
3	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	forward	forward	ADV	_	3 pushed	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 gas	case
6	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushed	obl
7	rushing	rush	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 gas	acl
8	out	out	ADP	_	11 back	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 back	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 back	det
11	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rushing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push forward	present · passive	gas	Both				forward property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	rush out	gerund	gas not said here	the back					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme back=Trajectory

Option 4

Both are lifted because they are lighter than the air around them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 lifted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lifted	aux:pass
3	lifted	lift	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 lighter	mark
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lighter	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 lighter	cop
7	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 lifted	xcomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 air	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 air	det
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lighter	obl
11	around	around	ADP	_	12 them	case
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 air	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lift	present · passive		Both					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	they					than the air around them; light property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/71-rockets-satellites-astronauts/t1/